Punctuation
Extended documentation for mathematical symbols & functions is here.
| symbol | meaning |
|---|---|
@m | invoke macro m; followed by space-separated expressions |
! | prefix "not" operator |
a!( ) | at the end of a function name, ! indicates that a function modifies its argument(s) |
# | begin single line comment |
#= | begin multi-line comment (these are nestable) |
=# | end multi-line comment |
$ | string and expression interpolation |
% | remainder operator |
^ | exponent operator |
& | bitwise and |
&& | short-circuiting boolean and |
| | bitwise or |
|| | short-circuiting boolean or |
⊻ | bitwise xor operator |
* | multiply, or matrix multiply |
() | the empty tuple |
~ | bitwise not operator |
\ | backslash operator |
' | complex transpose operator Aᴴ |
a[] | array indexing |
[,] | vertical concatenation |
[;] | also vertical concatenation |
[ ] | with space-separated expressions, horizontal concatenation |
T{ } | parametric type instantiation |
; | statement separator |
, | separate function arguments or tuple components |
? | 3-argument conditional operator (conditional ? if_true : if_false) |
"" | delimit string literals |
'' | delimit character literals |
` ` | delimit external process (command) specifications |
... | splice arguments into a function call or declare a varargs function or type |
. | access named fields in objects/modules, also prefixes elementwise operator/function calls |
a:b | range a, a+1, a+2, ..., b |
a:s:b | range a, a+s, a+2s, ..., b |
: | index an entire dimension (1:end) |
:: | type annotation, depending on context |
:( ) | quoted expression |
:a | symbol a |
<: | subtype operator |
>: | supertype operator (reverse of subtype operator) |
=== | egal comparison operator |